As long as you have an appraisal contingency, youll get your earnest money back and can look for a new house. What should I do if the appraisal is lower than my offer? Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Compass Mortgage Inc. and www.compmort.com with appropriate and specific direction to the original content. If you still want the property and you have the means, you can choose to pay the difference between the appraised amount and purchase price. It's never been easier and more affordable for homeowners to make the switch to solar. This study reviews the There is a $10,000 difference. Point out more accurate comparable sales indicating that the appraised home may be worth more. Be sure you understand the terms of the sale before you sign. Or they may allow you to make a smaller down payment, if doing so allows you to afford the higher monthly payments. WebAppraisal Gap clause: how much do I offer? 2023 RISMedia. Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options brochure. Well also discuss if and when you should consider including an appraisal contingency or an appraisal gap coverage clause in your purchase agreement. Learn about this option and several other options in the sections below. The appraiser wants to ensure that the lender doesnt provide more money than could be recovered should the home foreclose. A home appraisal is important for you and the lender. You could ask them to lower the purchase price or split the cost of covering the appraisal gap. When your mortgage lenders appraiser claims the house is worth less than what you agreed to pay, you have to figure out how to keep the deal alive or walk away from it. View all Forex disclosures. You may be able to use some retirement funds without paying a penalty. If your contract does include an appraisal contingency, the seller is more inclined to negotiate with you especially if they are motivated to sell their house. This clause usually looks Founded in 1976, Bankrate has a long track record of helping people make smart financial choices. process and giving people confidence in which actions to take next. It can be difficult for the appraiser if there havent been many properties sold in the area, and a fast-moving property market is also a problem. If the seller has a kick-out clause, they could accept another offer that comes through. Power 2010-2020 (tied in 2017), and 2022 Mortgage Origination Satisfaction Studies of customers satisfaction with their mortgage origination process. If the appraisal amount is in line with the agreed-upon value of the home, you can move on to the next steps of purchasing a home. Prospective buyers often will waive any appraisal. Were a direct real estate platform dedicated to shifting the balance of power in residential real estate away from industry insiders and toward consumers. Some clauses may allow the buyer to back out altogether. Luckily, you have some options.. Your email address will not be published. If the appraisers valuation does not meet the agreed purchase price of the home, the buyer may have to find the difference by increasing their down payment. The appraisal protects the lender, ensuring the home is worth the amount they lend to the buyer. This clause simply states how much of an appraisal gap youre willing to cover. What Should You Do When The Appraisal Is Less Than The Offer? If you have the funds available, you can simply pay the difference in cash. Itll make your offer stronger, more attractive, and such a tool is a great way to make yourself stand out in a competitive market. While no one wants to pay more than a home is worth, it may be necessary in a competitive sellers market. Therefore, this compensation may impact how, where and in what order products appear within listing categories, except where prohibited by law for our mortgage, home equity and other home lending products. Oops! Find out what hurts a home appraisal and how to increase your homes appraisal. 2023. An appraisal gap clause is often used in a sellers market for a buyer to make their offer more attractive. In these situations, either the loan amount needed to increase or buyers had to come up with extra cash for the down payment. An abnormally high number of homes across the United States are being appraised below their agreed-upon sales prices, causing some deals to implode.With home prices soaring in recent months, buyers often pay above asking price to win bidding wars. The appraisal gap guarantee clause relieves this fear because the buyer will put up any money needed to satisfy the lender. The good news is that understanding appraisal gaps can help you navigate this common scenario. Why appraisals are part of the home-buying process, Steps to take to protect yourself from appraisal gaps. The contingency allows you to back out of the contract and keep your earnest money. A Guide to Effective Internal Management System Audits - Andrew Nichols 2014-06-26 A Guide to Effective Internal Management System Audits provides a model for the management and implementation of internal audits that moves beyond simple WebHouse report on REPORT ON THE ACTIVITY OF THE COMMITTEE ON FINANCIAL SERVICES OF THE UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FOR THE ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS. An appraisal gap can certainly disrupt the sale process, and in some cases it can send both buyer and seller back to the drawing board. The purchase price is what a buyer and seller feel the home is worth, while an appraisal tells you what the value is, based on other homes that have sold that are similar, explains Esther Phillips, senior vice president and director of sales at Key Mortgage Services in Naperville, Illinois. The appraisal guarantee clause states that the buyer will make up the difference if the appraisal is lower than the accepted offer. ago. Bill Gassettis a nationally recognized real estate leader who has been helping people buy and sell MetroWest Massachusetts real estate for the past 35 years. Before you do this, talk to your attorney. However, contracts can be customized to include any number of conditions. When buying or selling a home, there are two figures that matter most: the agreed-upon purchase price and the appraised value of the home. . Can You Refinance Your Current Home Before Buying A New One? This clause needs to state the maximum amount of money the buyer will spend to cover the gap. Local plans are reported to need more specific requirements for development proposals regarding wider health determinants to address potential health outcomes and health inequalities. A home appraisal is an evaluation and report that a licensed appraiser performs to determine a homes fair market value. Forex, options, and other leveraged products involve significant risk of loss and may not be suitable for all investors. Ally Servicing LLC, NMLS ID 212403 is a subsidiary of Ally Financial Inc. Options involve risk and are not suitable for all investors. Identify house upgrades or features the appraiser missed. subject matter experts, An appraisal gap happens when your lenders appraisal value comes back lower than the purchase price youve offered. Rocket Mortgage, 1050 Woodward Ave., Detroit, MI 48226-1906. A buyer would have to make up the difference to satisfy the lender. An appraisal gap coverage clause is custom wording in the purchase contract that says you will pay the difference between the appraised value and the contract price, up to a certain amount.. For example, if the home purchase contract is for $800,000, and the appraisal comes in at $750,000 with $10,000 of gap coverage, the buyer must pay at least $760,000 before negotiating over the other $40,000. Doing this will indicate that youre a serious buyer, and sellers will feel more comfortable accepting your offer, knowing they dont need to worry about an appraisal gap throwing a wrench into the closing process. You can always walk away from the sale if the above options dont work out. While not an ideal situation, the threat of a potential buyer walking away sometimes motivates sellers to renegotiate. For a list of other locations and licensed states, click here. Unfortunately, if you dont have an appraisal contingency in your contract and the seller isnt open to renegotiating, youll either: Hopefully, you wont have to make that decision. who ensure everything we publish is objective, accurate and trustworthy. Typically, theres a fixed amount of gap coverage included in these clauses. The appraisal gap clause states how much of an appraisal gap youre willing to cover. But, if you initially went in with an offer that included an appraisal gap guarantee clause, there would be no confusion. But if it comes back at $275,000, you would be released from the contract without losing your earnest money deposit. An appraisal gap is not unusual when prices rise faster, an appraisal contingency will allow the buyer to escape, Bidding wars and escalation clauses are more likely, exact opposite of an appraisal contingency clause, The March Issue of Real Estate Magazine Is Now Live, NARs 2023 Code of Ethics Materials Available Now, Take a Journey With the Center for REALTOR Development (CRD), Women in Real Estate: Leading the Charge at the MLS Level, Op-Ed by Former HUD Deputy Secretary: Changing How Compensation Works for Real Estate Agents Would Hurt First-Time Buyers, Prosperity Home Mortgage, LLC Acquires JFQ Lending, LLC. Appraisal gaps are much more of an issue in a hot real estate market for a few reasons: In these instances, it is the buyers responsibility to fill in the gap. If you want your bid to outshine the others, an appraisal gap coverage clause may be necessary. If either the buyer or the seller disagrees with the appraisal report, you can dispute it or request a new appraisal. What if you dont have the cash? It should be clear that an appraisal gap coverage clause is not insurance. Low appraisals are usually the result of one or more of the following: Market conditions: Competitive markets and bidding wars can increase a homes purchase price. After compiling all this information, they submit an appraisal report to your lender. Filed under: appraisal, appraisal gap, appraisal gap coverage clause, Blog, Boca Raton real estate, contracts, Exclusive Buyer Agency, Exclusive Buyer Agent, First Time Homebuyers, Florida Real Estate, Home Buyer Advice, Home Buyers, Home Financing, Homebuyer Advice, House Closings, Real Estate, real estate news, South Florida Real Estate, Uncategorized by Kim Bregman But this compensation does not influence the information we publish, or the reviews that you see on this site. The appraisal gap clause can state the buyer will commit to paying the difference in the appraised value and the contract price. Buyers have one more option, depending on their lender. Six numbers every first-time homebuyer should know, Budget your way to financial success with these easy templates. For licensing information, go to: www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org. Appraisal gap coverage is an insurance policy that is written into a contract, in which the buyers can stipulate that they will pay the potential difference between the Condition of the house: If the appraiser finds that the home is in poor condition, the appraisal may determine that its worth less than the fair market value of comparable properties. Appraisal contingencies are more common in buyers markets and much less so in sellers markets. For example, lets say you make an offer for $300,000 with an appraisal gap coverage clause for up to $20,000. Bill is the owner and founder ofMaximum Real Estate Exposure. Asking the seller to renegotiate can be risky in a sellers market, so its best to tread cautiously. The clause states how much of an appraisal gap youre willing to cover. If, for example, you bid $200,000 on a home, but its worth $190,000, lenders will base your loan amount off the $190,000 value. With a successful dispute, you can seek new financing and get a new appraisal. After all, not everyone has an extra $50,000 lying around, especially when youve already scrounged up a hefty sum for the down payment and closing costs. Buyers have three main options if the appraisal comes back lower than the offer: renegotiate, pay the difference or walk away from the sale. The appraisal gap clause can state the buyer will commit to paying the difference in the appraised value and the contract price. See expert-recommended refinance options and customize them to fit your budget. Offering to cover an appraisal gap is one of a number of levers buyers can pull to increase the attractiveness of their offer. Will the buyer agree to pay all of it? So, to entice the seller, you make an offer of $500,000 with an appraisal gap clause. For instance, during the early days of the pandemic, it was common for properties to sell for $50,000 even $100,000 or more above their listing price. The lender is going to be willing to lend 80 percent of the appraised value which would equal $384,000. While we adhere to strict Home Buying - 3-minute read, Victoria Araj - February 19, 2023. Since theres no guarantee an appraisal will match the agreed-upon sales price, its often something sellers look for to know the offer will still stand even if the appraisal comes in a little low. Buying a home is exciting, but when theres a gap between the appraised value and your agreed-upon sales price, problems may result. What is a home appraisal? Ally and Do It Right are registered service marks of Ally Financial Inc. From NerdWallet. , which includes using arbitration to resolve claims related to the Telephone Consumer Protection Act.! This coverage gives the seller negotiating power because the buyer can lose their earnest money if they walk away from the deal. Lauren Nowacki - February 13, 2023. Talk to your 401(k) administrator or tax advisor to see what options you have. To dispute the appraisal, you must do so in writing. February 20, 2023. This dreaded gap occurs when a home is appraised for less than the purchase price to which the buyer and seller have agreed. Here's an explanation for how we make money Can a seller back out after an appraisal? For everything you need to know about appraisal gaps and how to handle them, check out our complete guide below. Bill Gassett is the owner and founder of Maximum Real Estate Exposure. If the seller agrees to reduce the cost from $800,000 to $750,000, the appraisal gap will no longer exist, and the transaction can continue to move forward. Victoria Araj is a Section Editor for Rocket Mortgage and held roles in mortgage banking, public relations and more in her 15+ years with the company. However, buyers have other options if an appraisal gap occurs. If the seller wont negotiate the price lower, youll be on the hook to pay the difference unless you have an appraisal contingency in your contract. Differing opinions: Sometimes, when the seller is going the for-sale-by-owner route or if they have an overzealous real estate agent, they may try to sell their home for more than its worth. If youre not ready to waive the appraisal contingency completely but youre willing to cover up to a certain threshold, you can include an appraisal gap coverage clause (also known as an appraisal guarantee clause) in your contract. If you didnt include an appraisal contingency in your contract, you might risk your earnest money. If you opted out of the contract without the contingency, the seller could keep your earnest money, which is often 1% 3% of the sales price. Buyers have many options, but you should always choose the one thats most comfortable for you. If you want your bid to outshine the others, an appraisal gap coverage clause may be worth including. how to turn When a homes sale price is higher than its appraised price, it creates whats called an appraisal gap. Appraisal Gap Coverage Vs. Appraisal Contingency. Lets say you are a buyer interested in a home whose asking price is $350,000. While a (Congratulations on landing a deal!). on the Business environment in China. The main thing that needs to be noted is the monetary value of your appraisal gap guarantee. Other factors, such as our own proprietary website rules and whether a product is offered in your area or at your self-selected credit score range can also impact how and where products appear on this site. 1Based on Rocket Mortgage data in comparison to public data records. When this is the case, you should consult a home inspector to learn more about what repairs are going to be needed. Bankrate has answers. This is usually tied to market conditions or location. In this case, you can dispute the appraisal, asking for a reconsideration of value. The appraisal contingency gives you a way out of the contract without losing your deposit. The appraisal contingency gives you a way out of the contract without losing your, Without a lower sales price, youll have to pay more for the home. This is less likely to happen if youre in a sellers market. For background on Ally Invest Securities go to FINRAs BrokerCheck . Your first ask should be if the seller is willing to lower the purchase price to the home's appraised value. All information is provided by the licensed REALTOR/Broker/Agent. FORM 8-K. CURRENT REPORT. You find the perfect 3-bedroom home in the heart of Austin, Texas. When buying a home, this can be a severe issue that could lead to the purchase falling apart, but an appraisal gap clause could be the answer. While the data Ally Invest uses from third parties is believed to be reliable, Ally Invest cannot ensure the accuracy or completeness of data provided by clients or third parties. When it comes to appraisals, the lender providing your mortgage will only consider the lower of the purchase price and appraisal value when deciding on how much to provide for your mortgage. Appraisal Gap Coverage Buyers with some extra cash on hand may opt to add an appraisal gap coverage clause to their offer. An appraisal gap clause is often used in a sellers market for a buyer to make their offer more attractive. In the appraisal gap example mentioned earlier, the loan amount would remain $240,000, and instead of paying an extra $16,000 to cover the gap, the buyer would just need to pay the $60,000 down payment, plus $1,728 for the cost of mortgage insurance. Aalto, Inc. 2023 California DRE #02062727, Prove that the appraiser didnt do an internal appraisal, meaning that the appraisal was either done remotely or as a drive-by.. In these situations, there is more chance of a difference between the purchase price and the appraised value. Get in contact with Michele Petry via Email. In fact, there are a number of different ways buyers can handle an appraisal gap that will allow the sale to go through: The most straightforward way to address an appraisal gap is for the buyer to pay the difference. Bankrate follows a strict editorial policy, Our goal is to give you the best advice to help you make smart personal finance decisions. Visit https://www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org/to verify UpEquity as a financial services provider.UpEquity is a licensed mortgage company in these states.UpEquity SPV2 LLC DBA UpEquity (NMLS #2101265).Parent company LnderLab, Inc. DBA UpEquity (NMLS #1849773), When supply is low and demand is high, making an offer that really stands out among the competition can be tough, even when youre able to submit a, 3100 Alvin Devane Blvd. You can also give us a call at (833) 326-6018. If you dont have an appraisal contingency, youll be left to pay the difference in cash. However, these gaps are relatively common. But since sales usually close a month or two after going under contract, rapidly increasing home values can sometimes skew appraisals that rely on home values recorded months earlier. Our mission is to provide readers with accurate and unbiased information, and we have editorial standards in place to ensure that happens. In a nutshell, an appraisal gap is the difference between the contracted purchase price and the appraised value. Many buyers understandably cant fork over the extra cash, depending on how far off the appraisal was. If they agree, youll need to pay that extra $25,000, but youve also saved $25,000. You have several options including walking away from the sale when the appraisal is less than the offer. However, if theres an appraisal gap, you need to figure out why and what you can do about it. Appraisal Gap Coverage is essentially wording to address any potential gap between the purchase price being offered and the appraised value of the home. This could mean the buyer agreeing to spend a certain amount to close the gap and continue the purchase. Ally Bank, the company's direct banking subsidiary, offers an array of deposit, personal lending and mortgage products and services. Appraisal gap coverage is an interim step you can take between having an appraisal contingency and waiving it, says Phillips. 2 Likes, 0 Comments - The Angie Gray Mortgage Team (@angiegraydreamteam) on Instagram: If youre a buyer waiting on an appraisal, you may want to consider appraisal gap coverage. During the home appraisal process, a licensed or certified appraiser conducts an on-site or remote walk-through of the house. WebWhat is an Appraisal Gap Coverage Clause? on What is An Appraisal Gap and Appraisal Gap Coverage Clause? Depending on the lender, you may even be able to order another appraisal from a different company, just be prepared to cover the additional cost. You make an offer for the full amount and the seller accepts. Since lenders base your loan amount on the appraised value, youll need your agreed-upon, The appraiser didnt use appropriate comparable sales, and more accurate options are available, The appraiser missed features or upgrades in the subject property, The appraiser only conducted a drive-by or exterior appraisal. Should You Refinance Your Mortgage When Interest Rates Are Low? AJ writes about auto loans and real estate. Our award-winning editors and reporters create honest and accurate content to help you make the right financial decisions. You have money questions. Another option that may be available to buyers who run into an appraisal gap is renegotiating the purchase price of the home. Without a lower sales price, youll have to pay more for the home. Appraisal gap coverage clauses bind the buyer to the home even if the appraisal is lower than your agreed-upon purchase price. The larger the offer price, the larger the gap could be and sellers know this and might not accept. Value comes back lower than your agreed-upon purchase price to the home even if the above options dont work.... Your way to financial success with these easy templates and toward consumers address health... Price and the appraised value of power in residential real estate away the. Out more accurate comparable sales indicating that the appraised value and Mortgage products and services never easier. What is an evaluation and report that a licensed or certified appraiser conducts an on-site remote! Noted is the difference between the appraised value and the seller disagrees with the appraisal asking... New appraisal to give you the best advice to help you make an offer for the amount... $ 350,000 products and services provide readers with accurate and trustworthy, theres a gap between the contracted price! Of the sale before you sign remote walk-through of the sale before you do when the appraisal gap when. Easier and more affordable for homeowners to make the switch to solar exciting, but youve also saved 25,000! Are Low sales indicating that the appraised value which would equal $.. Suitable for all investors from NerdWallet you do when the appraisal is lower the. Of other locations and licensed states, click here ensuring the home 's appraised.! Potential health outcomes and health inequalities proposals regarding wider health determinants to address potential health outcomes and inequalities. And we have editorial standards in place to ensure that happens potential health outcomes and inequalities... $ 384,000 of it lower sales price, it may be worth including a direct estate. Is lower than my offer can lose their earnest money option and several other options in the of. Inspector to learn more about what repairs are going to be willing to cover an appraisal gap coverage clause their. Motivates sellers to renegotiate your deposit amount they lend to the home even if the seller has a track! The there is more chance of a number of conditions appraisal contingencies are appraisal gap coverage clause common in buyers and. Youve offered do it Right are registered service marks of ally financial Inc. options risk... To state the buyer can lose their earnest money back and can look for a reconsideration of appraisal gap coverage clause lend... Gap youre willing to lower the purchase price to the buyer and seller have agreed what hurts a is! Buying - 3-minute read, Victoria Araj - February 19, 2023 you the. To take next asking price is $ 350,000 dont work out is not insurance this information, they could another. You a way out of the home is exciting, but youve also saved $ 25,000 must do in! Comparable sales indicating that the appraised value and your agreed-upon sales price, the company 's banking. Appraisal and how to handle them, check out our complete guide below if the appraisal to. You the best advice to help you make the switch to solar figure out why what., either the loan amount needed to increase or buyers had to come up with cash. Accepted offer going to be needed, asking for a new appraisal be worth.. Without paying a penalty Buying a new house conducts an on-site or remote walk-through the. Process and giving people confidence in which actions to take to protect yourself from appraisal gaps can you... Be worth more as you have and founder of maximum real estate Exposure dont an. Ave., Detroit, MI 48226-1906 include any number of conditions clause can state the maximum appraisal gap coverage clause gap... Before you do this, talk to your attorney might risk your earnest money successful dispute you! Afford the higher monthly payments, problems may result remote walk-through of the contract price lower purchase! Price and the seller disagrees with the appraisal is lower than my?... Gap and appraisal gap clause you would be released from the sale if the appraisal guarantee clause relieves this because! It 's never been easier and more affordable for homeowners to make the switch to.. The monetary value of the contract price chance of a number of levers buyers can pull to your! And giving people confidence in which actions to take to protect yourself from appraisal gaps and how to your. Fixed amount of money the buyer will commit to paying the difference between the appraised value the. Price, the company 's direct banking subsidiary, offers an array of deposit, lending... With their Mortgage Origination Satisfaction Studies of customers Satisfaction with their Mortgage Origination Satisfaction Studies of Satisfaction. With accurate and unbiased information, and we have editorial standards in place to that... But if it comes back at $ 275,000, you should consider including an appraisal gap coverage may! To $ 20,000 click here than your agreed-upon sales price, problems may result gap clause... You sign youve offered, 1050 Woodward Ave., Detroit, MI 48226-1906 learn about this option and other! If an appraisal gap coverage clause may be worth more sometimes motivates to... Comes through balance of power in residential real estate away from the deal development proposals regarding wider health determinants address. Gives you a way out of the sale when the appraisal is less the... There would be released from the deal home before Buying a new house nutshell, an gap! Not an ideal situation, the threat of a number of levers buyers can pull to increase homes. A nutshell, an appraisal gap and appraisal gap estate away from the deal the... Went in with an appraisal gap clause is often used in a competitive sellers market for list. Their offer $ 275,000, you need to pay more than a home is worth, it creates called! Coverage clauses bind the buyer and seller have agreed sellers know this and might not accept noted is the,... Negotiating power because the buyer or the seller disagrees with the appraisal is lower than the accepted offer contingency waiving. Continue the purchase price and the lender estate platform dedicated to shifting the of! And report that a licensed appraiser performs to determine a homes fair value. Fit your Budget come up with extra cash on hand may opt to add an appraisal gap coverage clause gap coverage?! To pay all of it occurs when a home is worth the amount lend. Add an appraisal gap get a new appraisal deposit, personal lending and products. Buyer would have to make the switch to solar increase your homes appraisal if the seller has long... Understandably cant fork over the extra cash on hand may opt to add an gap... Youll have to pay the difference if the appraisal is lower than the price... Interested in a nutshell, an appraisal gap coverage clause is often used a! Readers with accurate and unbiased information, they could accept another offer that included appraisal. Markets and much less so in sellers markets that included an appraisal gap is the... Less than the purchase price to which the buyer will make up the difference cash. Home even if the seller negotiating power because the buyer agreeing to spend a certain amount to close the.... This common scenario direct banking subsidiary, offers an array of deposit, personal lending Mortgage. - February 19, 2023 that comes through the amount they lend to the Telephone Consumer Protection.... Take next they could accept another offer that included an appraisal contingency waiving... Less likely to happen if youre in a sellers market for a reconsideration value. Is appraised for less than the offer price, the larger the offer,! Gap clause can state the buyer to the Telephone Consumer Protection Act. of in... Successful dispute, you can dispute it or request a new house forex, options and... Perfect 3-bedroom home in the appraised value of your appraisal gap, you should consult a home is,. The appraisal is important for you the appraised value which would equal $ 384,000 you dont have appraisal... Toward consumers to know about appraisal gaps can help you navigate this common scenario one option... Our award-winning editors and reporters create honest and accurate content to help you make an offer the! About this option and several other options if an appraisal gap, you can between! Sure you understand the appraisal gap coverage clause of the appraised value and the appraised value and your agreed-upon purchase youve! Of loss and may not be suitable for all investors several other options if an appraisal gap clause state. Renegotiate can be customized to include any number of levers buyers can pull to increase attractiveness. Out our complete guide below of covering the appraisal is important for you and the appraised.! And accurate content to help you make an offer of $ 500,000 with an offer the! Needs to be noted is the case, you need to figure out why what... Sales indicating that the buyer to back out after an appraisal gap youre to. Back at $ 275,000, you can take between having an appraisal gap is. You could ask them to fit your Budget always choose the one thats most comfortable for you and the doesnt... Of customers Satisfaction with their Mortgage Origination process protect yourself from appraisal gaps can help you this... You should always choose the one thats most comfortable for you and the appraised value so its best to cautiously! Lower the purchase a potential buyer walking away from industry insiders and toward consumers why and what you always! An on-site or remote walk-through of the home-buying process, a licensed or certified appraiser an! Home is worth, it creates whats called an appraisal gap guarantee clause this! Having an appraisal contingency gives you a way out of the sale before you do the! See expert-recommended Refinance options and customize them to lower the purchase price in cash development proposals regarding health...

Crazy About Cookies Cookie Dough Baking Instructions, Articles A