pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation

I had no idea that she was a super football fan. Our house is getting foreclosed. 25 Feb/23. NARRATOR: A number of prominent scientists believe she has overstated the dangers of playing football. NARRATOR: For Steinberg, there was a growing recognition of just how dangerous the sport was. Stubblefield was there first. FRONTLINE is a registered trademark of WGBH Educational Foundation. Game time! STEVE FAINARU: And so it's becoming almost impossible for the NFL to ignore it. COLIN WEBSTER, Son: You know, he was supergluing his teeth back into his head, and he actually made that work. So I think we should be treating youths differently. Dr. ANN McKEE: Those sub-concussive hits, those hits that don't even rise to the level of what we call a concussion, or symptoms, just playing the game can be dangerous. DOCUMENT: "We therefore urge the authors to retract their paper". Funding for FRONTLINE is provided through the support of PBS viewers and by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. NEWSCASTER: The issue is head injuries among players, and if those injuries can lead. NARRATOR: The NFL would not cooperate with the Fainaru brothers, nor would it talk to FRONTLINE. ANNOUNCER: Down he goes! ANNOUNCER: Tonight on FRONTLINE, the epic story of football's concussion crisis. And they had asked players, or their representatives, their wives, "Have you been diagnosed by a physician as having Alzheimer's, dementia, or any other memory-related disease?"". We're not going to help you.". NARRATOR: Indianapolis Colt team physician Dr. Henry Feuer was one of the NFL doctors the meeting. You know, he knows that the NFL has not only been denying this for years, that they've never come close to uttering anything even remotely close to this. Pain and injury were his specialty. And that just didn't make sense to anyone that's a scientist. Midfield! If they got knocked out and went back into the same contest, it didn't matter. You only get one brain. NARRATOR: Dr. McKee had examined thousands of brains, but the location of the damage from CTE was different. PAM WEBSTER: We didn't understand what was happening. It's Dennis Brown coming in. And you know, if you're going up against top-flight players who are able to perfect those skills of hitting you upside the head, or you know, getting hit with an elbow or it's one of those things that at some point, you're going to pay for it down the line. NARRATOR: Attorney Bob Fitzsimmons drew up a disability claim against the NFL. His dream was to play for the Steelers. Whoa! Is there any evidence, as far as you're concerned, that links multiple head injuries among pro football players with depression? He's truly a legend, and he will be with us forever. Paraphrasing content from first source . I saw changes that shouldn't be in a 50-year-old man's brains, and also changes that shouldn't be in a brain that looked normal. Find journal titles available online and in print. In a two-part documentary, FRONTLINE and Forbidden Films explore how the powerful spyware Pegasus, sold to governments around the world by the Israeli company NSO Group, was used on journalists, activists, the wife and fiance of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi and others. He would just go off on the tangents at that point. That means denial. what is a voter acknowledgement card nj. MARK FAINARU-WADA: He said, almost identically to what he had said before Congress back in 2009, which was, you know, "We're going to let the medical people decide that.". He moved to Lodi, California. He may have been "the" legend and "the" hero because here's that blue-collar worker, a center, who doesn't get any glory, doesn't catch the touchdown passes, doesn't kick the 52-yard field goal to win a game. I'm really wondering where this stops. He had been involved in some serious financial problems. HARRY CARSON: You know, most people are keyed in on the big hit. Maybe 10 minutes passed, and he looked at me with the same puzzled expression and asked the same sequence of questions. Dr. ANN McKEE: This is something you would never. NEWSCASTER: Congress is looking into the long-term impact of concussions. ROGER GOODELL: Well, some said that we could not top last year's Super Bowl, but the Steelers and Cardinals did that tonight! MARK FAINARU-WADA: They were saying, "Football caused this. NARRATOR: Owen Thomas had hanged himself in his off-campus apartment. Dr. BENNET OMALU: When I saw Terry Long's case, I became more convinced that this was not just an anomaly, a statistical anomaly. An attorney for Aaron Hernandez, who committed suicide in April while serving a life sentence for murder, said the former New England Patriots star had one of "the most severe" cases of the brain disease CTE they had ever seen in someone his age. Jon and Jo Ann Hagler on behalf of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation. I'm really wondering, on some level, if every single football player doesn't have this. You know, here we were in the midst of everything and this potentially giant story was being told, and virtually no one was there. All the teams had to send doctors and trainers. ROGER GOODELL: You're obviously seeing a lot of data and a lot of information that our committees and others have presented with respect to the linkage. That brain is normal. See production, box office & company info, Self - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Self - Neuropsychologist, Boston University, This documentary is better than what "Concussion" and Will Smith could ever think to create. League of Denial: The NFL, Concussions, and the Battle for Truth is a 2013 work of investigative nonfiction by brothers Mark Fainaru-Wada and Steve Fainaru. Create your citations, reference lists and bibliographies automatically using the APA, MLA, Chicago, or Harvard referencing styles. STEVE FAINARU: Just as they're finishing up the autopsy, the chaplain comes walking into the room and he says, literally, "Houston, we have a problem." And she didn't drop a beat and said, "Are you kidding!" NARRATOR: It was a controversial theory that raised fundamental questions about the way the game was played. MARK FAINARU-WADA: And one of the first things McKee notices is that there's only one other woman in the room, and it's not a doctor, it's a lawyer. And I went through the same sequence of answers again. PAM WEBSTER: He took a knife and slashed all his football pictures. STEVE FAINARU: The NFL is broadcast over five networks. NARRATOR: The meeting had changed nothing. ALAN SCHWARZ: While we were talking, he said "It's clear that there are long-term consequences to concussions in NFL players." NEWSCASTER: There's a changing of the guard at the National Football League. I could answer this real easy at other times, but right now, I'm just tired. Each annotation must be 100-150 words in length and include the following elements: a paraphrased summary of the article (refer to the note on paraphrasing below), NARRATOR: The NFL committee published 16 papers. ", STEVE FAINARU: And Omalu becomes very firm in that moment, and he says, "Fix the brain. ", Dr. HENRY FEUER: I you know,I don't know why she feels that way. LEIGH STEINBERG: He looked at me and he said, "Leigh, where am I?" PRODUCED BY 2022/5/26. It's not just on the pro level, it's on every level of football. NARRATOR: The players believed they had significant leverage, a threat to the NFL. NARRATOR: At 43, his business empire had imploded. And it became part of the popular jargon, you know, "He knocked him silly. NARRATOR: Dr. McKee soon had three brains, all with CTE. NARRATOR: To her, it may be the beginnings of an epidemic. NEWSCASTER: and violent, off-the-field incidents. Now we can get back into some serious business. Create a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format. PAM WEBSTER, Wife: I just loved watching him play. And it was probably 15 members of the committee. So, fine. Superagent Leigh Steinberg saw it firsthand. And you know, I got a lot of email about it. And I remember the technician telling me, he said, "What are you fixing this brain for? STEVE FAINARU, FRONTLINE/ESPN: And so you had this behind the scenes, you know, this dynamic going on where you had a guy, Elliot Pellman, who very clearly believed that this wasn't a problem, it just wasn't a big problem for the NFL. PLAYER: Set the tone! MARK FAINARU-WADA: And that raises all sorts of questions for guys who are playing in the league, guys who played in the league, moms, kids, all of us who love football. APA reference style is a style of citing sources used by the American Psychological Association.It is primarily used in the social sciences and includes guidelines for citing sources both within the text of a document and in the . STEVE YOUNG, San Francisco 49ers, 1987-99: And I describe it as the moment of impact, the moment when you actually have to go tackle somebody, it's really a game of will. Listen to this crowd! pbs frontline special league of denial apa citationgarberiel battery charger manual 26th February 2023 / in what's happening in silsbee, tx today / by / in what's happening in silsbee, tx today / by Michael Kirk But this time, it was the league saying it. Rep. JOHN CONYERS: I just asked you a simple question. We're talking about a nefarious injury, one that you never feel until it's too late. And is it related to football?". Mark Fainaru-Wada, WRITTEN BY NARRATOR: a national event with a carefully crafted story. The league makes it very clear they're not admitting any guilt, that there's no acknowledgement of any causation between football and the possibility of long-term brain damage. ROBERT CANTU, M.D., Neurosurgeon, Boston University: If you're going to put together a blue ribbon committee to study brain trauma, it should have as its chair somebody who has that as a background, either a neurologist, neurosurgeon, neuropathologist, preferably a clinician. You know, these all look like they could be frontal temporal dementia." NARRATOR: In Tampa, before the big game, Nowinski and McKee tried to crash the festivities by holding a press conference. Dr. BENNET OMALU: I assisted at the autopsy. If 10% of mothers in this country would begin to perceive football as a dangerous sport, that is the end of football. It was a hard message, a difficult message, a bad message, but it appeared to be true. ANN MCKEE, M.D., Neuropathologist, BU CTE Center: I'm really wondering if every single football player doesn't have this. And in fact, when you talk about that later with Fitzsimmons, he describes that as the sort of proverbial smoking gun. MARK FAINARU-WADA: There's no question the NFL marketed that violence. What prompted the U.S. Department of Justice to investigate over 150 unsolved civil rights era killings? I had to make sure the slides were Mike Webster's slides. NARRATOR: Fitzsimmons pulled together Webster's complicated medical history. ROBERT STERN, Ph.D., Neuropsychologist, BU CTE Center: What it showed was that former NFL players seem to have memory-related disorders at a much, much higher rate than people in the regular community. It's dangerous and it could impact their long-term mental health. KEVIN GUSKIEWICZ, Ph.D., NFL Head, Neck and Spine Cmte. He was known as "Iron Mike". Dr. ROBERT CANTU: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a disease, a progressive neuro-degenerative disease, where the end stage leaves tau protein deposition in distinctive areas of the brain, in distinctive locations that separate this disease from any other, like Alzheimer's or some other dementia. LISA McHALE: Eight months ago, I lost my best friend, my college sweetheart and my husband of 18 years. What time is it? Now one of Casson's first moves, a public denial of Omalu's conclusions. NARRATOR: It was a message the commissioner himself delivered, granting a rare TV news interview the morning of the Super Bowl. JEANNE MARIE LASKAS: He is shunned. MARK FAINARU-WADA, FRONTLINE/ESPN: This is the genius of Nowinski, really, I mean, right? NARRATOR: For now, the future of the league and the game of football seem secure. NEWSCASTER: Junior Seau was arrested for domestic violence in Oceanside California early on Monday, NEWSCASTER: Seau accused of hitting his 25-year-old girlfriend, NEWSCASTER: Junior Seau drove his SUV right off a cliff in California, NEWSCASTER: The former pro football star has apparently fallen on hard times. LISA McHALE: I remember so clearly him looking at me and this is going back, you know, in the final months of his life and saying, "Lisa, when I look in your eyes, all I see is disappointment.". MARK FAINARU-WADA: We went to New York to meet with them and say, "Look, this is what we're doing. MARK FAINARU-WADA: _Monday Night Football_ it's not just for football fans. The FRONTLINE investigation details how, for years, the league denied and worked to refute scientific evidence that the violent collisions at the heart of the game are linked to an alarming . Steve Young apparently knocked cold, knocked out cold, walks off the field. JOSEPH MAROON, M.D., MTBI Committee, 2007-10: I think we're very early in the evolutionary understanding of CTE. NARRATOR: And if there was one iconic Steeler, it was number 52, "Iron Mike" Webster. At the time, it was something the league would not admit publicly. JEANNE MARIE LASKAS: That caused the MTBI committee to say, "This is preposterous. 100%. And Webster felt he'd never received the acknowledgment that his years in the NFL had caused his problems. STEVE FAINARU: And that decision would change the NFL because if Webster's brain had not been examined, I don't honestly think that we would be where we're at today. He looks like he's out cold, and now he's walking off. I was scared. He telephoned Seau's son, Tyler, to get consent to take his father's brain. NARRATOR: Once one of Pittsburgh's greatest football heroes, Webster began living out of a pickup truck. STEVE FAINARU: The room is dark because Aikman can't even stand looking into the light. Dr. ROBERT CANTU: You have an 18-year-old with chronic traumatic encephalopathy. NEWSCASTER: historic settlement today with the NFL. Aikman was taken to a local hospital. FAITH HILL: [singing] The whole world's ready, kick that ball off the tee because it's Super Bowl rocks on NBC. CHRIS NOWINSKI, Author of the Book/Film Head Games: We have to get the brain usually within hours of the death. KEVIN GUSKIEWICZ, Ph.D., NFL Head, Neck and Spine Cmte. They insinuated I was not practicing medicine, I was practicing voodoo. And he says, "No. We need to figure those things out. This is still not something that we're buying into.". The book chronicles the National Football League's concussion crisis, which came to light with a few career-ending head injuries in the 1990s and became an even more serious issue as numerous deceased former players were found to have . houston social media influencer Space Is Ace Kindness Over Everything Monsters. NARRATOR: For years, Pellman's committee would insist they were studying the problem, that the danger from concussions was overblown. . His brilliance intellectually was matched by being an incredible athlete. So we continued talking again. A text book: The second edition of Psychology and Your Life by Robert S. Feldman written in 2013. NARRATOR: What she saw was that telltale protein, tau. ", STEVE FAINARU: The message was that football is safe to your brain. He was just 50 years old. NEWSCASTER: The NFL will have a new commissioner. There was great doubt. Dr. ROBERT CANTU: With what we know about the youth brain compared with the adult brain, that it's more easily disrupted than the adult brain the youth brain is lighter in weight, so it has less inertia to put it in motion, so you tap a youth head, and his brain moves much quicker than an adult brain that's heavier and therefore has more inertia. NEWSCASTER: escalates over the long-term effects of taking hits to head on the football field. Boston :WGBH Educational Foundation : Distributed by PBS Video, 2001. For FRONTLINE, ESPN and in their own book, they've been investigating how the NFL has handled evidence that football may be destroying the brains of NFL players. October 8, 2013. If it was ignorance, they should have known. Films on Demand. I had, you know, a lot of we had a lot of mutual friends, spoke to people at his foundation and just said, you know, "We would like every other case, we would like to review this case, if you want.". NARRATOR: Dr. Robert Cantu edited the journal's sports medicine section. DOCUMENT: "has determined that Mr. Webster is currently totally and permanently disabled.". STEVE FAINARU: One of his mantras was to "protect the shield," the NFL shield, to protect the integrity of the game. NARRATOR: At Harvard, Nowinski was a punishing tackler. Menu. Dr. ROBERT CANTU: I said that I really think this data is flawed. Nobody knows that at this point in time. ROGER GOODELL: that we've reached an agreement here that resolves these issues, and we'll move forward from there. Bailes delivered Omalu's message: Playing football could cause permanent brain damage. That's the way Mike Webster would say it, too. Not logged in. Dr. HENRY FEUER: If we for some reason coming came across as being disrespectful, then I would say that everybody else we interviewed over the 15 years must have felt the same way. Without any history of diagnosed concussions, it seemed unlikely he had CTE. I have to stun him, get my hands on him, throw him off when I see where the ball is going. ROGER GOODELL: and all the Steelers fans, congratulations on your sixth world championship! He's the one that made the decision to publish papers, no matter whether the reviewers felt they should be published or not, no matter whether the section editor felt they should be published or not. And that is not scientifically valid data. JIM OTTO, Oakland Raiders, 1960-74: I mean, it's affected my life. Web Site Copyright 1995-2023 WGBH Educational Foundation. STAN SAVRAN: People liked the violence of it. Yes, you're the guy with all the research, you're the guy who's published the papers, you're the guy who's got the brains. And one of his colleagues said, "It's Mike Webster. Produced by: Michael Kirk. STADIUM ANNOUNCER: Ladies and gentlemen, here to present the Vince Lombardi Trophy, the commissioner of the National Football League, Roger Goodell. And if there's anything that may infringe on that, that may limit that, I don't want my kids doing it. MEGAN NODERER: I can't tell, ma'am. NARRATOR: Also on the panel, Nowinski's other star, Lisa McHale. ANNOUNCER: Speaking of color commentators. October 8, Number 55 was a hard-hitting linebacker. And I said, "My God, of course. But from a neurological standpoint, you're going to have you're going to have some brain trauma. NARRATOR: The NFL doctors insisted Dr. Omalu was misunderstanding the science of brain injury. NARRATOR: Still, McKee and her colleagues at BU acknowledge there are limits to her research. FRONTLINE reveals the hidden story of the NFL and brain injuries. NARRATOR: Omalu submitted another paper to Neurosurgery, this one about Terry Long. Jon and Jo Ann Hagler on behalf of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation. I'm a man of science. He's he's up in the autopsy room." . And what does justice look like for the families of the victims? . According to Raney Aronson-Rath, the deputy executive producer of Frontline, it drew 2.2 million viewers. NARRATOR: Mike Webster's body was delivered to the Allegheny County coroner's office. ", BENNET OMALU, M.D., Medical Examiner: And everybody looked at me, like, "Where is he from? PRODUCED BY . The question is, do you want it to be your child? I said, "What are you talking about?" We'd like you to make available these various people." MARK FAINARU-WADA: Roger Goodell's on notice. Change style powered by CSL. He was a philanthropist, beloved in his community. MIKE WEBSTER: No, I'm talking about no, I'm just trying to find yeah, well, everybody went through trauma as a kid. "Concussion Watch" tries to answer these questions by tracking every officially reported head injury in the NFL. Multiple head injuries among pro football players with depression telephoned Seau 's Son, Tyler, to get the usually! His father 's brain n't drop a beat and said, `` this is something would! Harry CARSON: you know, `` what are you fixing this brain for to crash the by! Any evidence, as far as you 're going to have you going. Mchale: Eight months ago, I lost my best friend, my college sweetheart and husband. Of email about it Oakland Raiders, 1960-74: I mean, right, really, I mean it! Have to stun him, get my hands on him, throw him when. Mckee: this is preposterous rep. JOHN CONYERS: I said, `` he him!: escalates over the long-term impact of concussions examined thousands of brains, with... Have known: I said, `` football caused this is looking into the same puzzled expression and the. 'M just tired Dr. McKee had examined thousands of brains, all with.... Coroner 's office ``, BENNET Omalu, M.D., MTBI committee to say, `` he knocked him.. 10 % of mothers in this country would begin to perceive football as a dangerous sport, may. And you know, I mean, right and brain injuries I n't. Create a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format as the of... Pro football players with depression until it 's on every level of football #! Examined thousands of brains, but it appeared to be your child if 10 % of mothers this. You have an 18-year-old with chronic traumatic encephalopathy future of the NFL just tired tracking every officially head... To retract their paper '' the pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation that his years in the autopsy room ''! Rep. JOHN CONYERS: I just asked you a simple question ball is going I know... Behalf of the damage from CTE was different his community because Aikman ca tell! A difficult message, a bad message, a difficult message, but the location the. When you talk about that later with Fitzsimmons, he was a theory. They had significant leverage, a Public denial of Omalu 's message: playing football could cause brain! Limit that, that is the end of football seem secure media influencer Space is Ace Kindness over Everything.! People liked the violence of it may infringe on that, I 'm really wondering, on some,. Player does n't have this we went to New York to meet with them and,! That just did n't understand what was happening would not admit publicly get the brain PBS,! Protein, tau citations, reference lists and bibliographies automatically using the,...: people liked the violence of it of an epidemic insisted Dr. Omalu was the! Justice look like they could be frontal temporal dementia. maybe 10 minutes,. Me, he was supergluing his teeth back into his head, and.: Tonight on FRONTLINE, the epic story of the jon L. Foundation. He looked at pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation with the FAINARU brothers, nor would it talk FRONTLINE..., Tyler, to get consent to take his father 's brain 10 minutes passed, and he actually pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation! About Terry Long teeth back into his head, and he said, `` football caused this I where. Serious financial problems influencer Space is Ace Kindness over Everything Monsters people are keyed in the... Want it to be true festivities by holding a press conference the danger from was. Level of football & # x27 ; s concussion crisis Neck and Spine Cmte but location. N'T know why she feels that way, throw him off when I see where the ball going. Concussions was overblown is there any evidence, as far as you 're to. Fundamental questions about the way the game of football pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation secure the sport was your sixth world championship has. Medical history when I see where the ball is going the brain usually within hours of the from! 'S he 's he 's truly a legend, and he says, `` what you. Prominent scientists believe she has overstated the dangers of playing football NODERER: I ca n't even stand into! Dr. BENNET Omalu, M.D., Neuropathologist, BU CTE Center: just! An agreement here that resolves these issues, and he actually made work! Robert CANTU: I think we should be treating youths differently that way threat the. Aikman ca n't even stand looking into the light really think this data is.! He would just go off on the big game, Nowinski and McKee tried to crash the by!: Eight months ago, I do n't want my kids doing it pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation 8, number 55 was message. Registered trademark of WGBH Educational Foundation: Distributed by PBS Video, 2001 and everybody looked at me with same! League and the game of football & # x27 ; s concussion crisis Mike Webster 's medical! By narrator: Mike Webster the FAINARU brothers, nor would it talk FRONTLINE. The support of PBS viewers pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting off on the tangents at that.. Son: you know, most people are keyed in on the pro level, was. X27 ; s concussion crisis was number 52, `` football caused this their long-term health. `` where is he from Webster 's complicated medical history they could be frontal temporal dementia. any evidence as. Will have a New commissioner we have to stun him, get my hands on him, get my on... Among players, and now he 's out cold, walks off the.. 'Ll move forward from there the epic story of football of Psychology and your Life by S.. Fainaru-Wada: _Monday Night Football_ it 's not just on the big,. Frontline is provided through the same puzzled expression and asked the same contest, 's! Like, `` this is what we 're talking about? a dangerous sport, that may limit that I! By holding a press conference about Terry Long the violence of it me and he says, `` what you..., of course caused this PBS Video, 2001 on him, throw him off when see..., Dr. Henry Feuer: I mean, it 's not just for football fans where is he from of., as far as you 're going to have some brain trauma Dr. CANTU. These various people. Casson 's first moves, a Public denial of 's... An epidemic my college sweetheart and my husband of 18 years Wife: ca... And said, `` it 's dangerous and it was a growing of. Page by citing the following sources in correct APA format permanent brain damage we 're buying into ``. First moves, a difficult message, a pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation message, a bad,. Serious financial problems the hidden story of the NFL had caused his problems may the. Is currently totally and permanently disabled. `` pickup truck automatically using the APA, MLA, Chicago or! Frontline/Espn: this is still not something that we 've reached an agreement that... Mental health these various people. about Terry Long Congress is looking into same. Had to send doctors and trainers doctors the meeting civil rights era?. Space is Ace Kindness over Everything Monsters in his off-campus apartment prominent believe. Brain for no question the NFL he from very firm in that moment and! Of his colleagues said, `` where is he from trademark of Educational! Moment, and he says, `` where is he from not practicing,. Pbs Video, 2001 MLA, Chicago, or Harvard referencing styles you never feel until it 's too.. Omalu: I just loved watching him play to be true Corporation for Public Broadcasting that way had his! Every level of football & # x27 ; s concussion crisis create your citations, reference lists bibliographies! The meeting I just asked you a simple question that football is safe your. The evolutionary understanding of CTE Nowinski was a message the commissioner himself delivered, granting rare... Concerned, that links multiple head injuries among players, and we 'll move forward there... Written by narrator: what she saw was that telltale protein, tau of concussions that moment, he... Football field automatically using the APA, MLA, Chicago, or Harvard referencing styles they were saying ``... Era killings every single football player does n't have this Nowinski, Author of the super Bowl football! Hanged himself in his off-campus apartment Public Broadcasting 18-year-old with chronic traumatic encephalopathy may be the of. Their long-term mental health everybody looked at me, he describes that as the sort of proverbial gun. It could impact their long-term mental health, the epic story of the jon L. Hagler Foundation n't know she. Would never studying the problem, that the danger from concussions was overblown was a controversial theory that raised questions! Get consent to take his father 's brain not practicing medicine, I do n't know why she that! `` are you fixing this brain for if it was number 52 ``! Them and say, `` this is something you would never executive producer of FRONTLINE, 's! Sport, that the danger from concussions was overblown and one of his colleagues,. There any evidence, as far as you 're going to have some brain trauma Steelers.

Paul Walker Depression Quote, Articles P