A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment. This mixture contains chemical compounds, some of which may have benefits for human health. Liver toxicity has been observed in people with cancer taking silybin, an active ingredient in milk thistle. Find out more. However, there are a few side effects of milk thistle associated with its excess intake. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use. Milk thistle is now found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. A look at the apple cider vinegar detox, which is a popular cleansing diet. content is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Google Chrome browser. Other studies looking at milk thistle for cirrhosis have found conflicting results. Milk thistle comes in many forms, including tea. The plants are native to the Mediterranean regions of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East.One species has been introduced elsewhere, including in North America. Milk-thistle Amlodipine Milk thistle and Amlodipine drug interactions - a phase IV clinical study of FDA data Summary: Drug interactions are reported among people who take Milk thistle and Amlodipine. Milk Thistle. Possibly. Until researchers carry out more studies, however, doctors do not recommend milk thistle as the primary treatment option for liver problems. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. anti-tuberculosis drugs, as well as one of the important factors leading to poor prognosis of tuberculosis. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Enter other medications to view a detailed report. Milk thistle (silymarin) is a flowering herb related to the daisy and ragweed family. Below is a look at some of the research surrounding the uses of milk thistle. Over-indulging in this powerful herb may do you more harm than you know. In a 2016 study, researchers fed rats a high-cholesterol diet. It is always a good idea to speak with a healthcare professional before starting to use milk thistle or any other supplement as it may interact with medications or conditions. Although the study was in vitro, given the potent inhibition of all glucuronidation pathways for raloxifene, the study authors predicted that milk thistle would produce a 4- to 5-fold increase in systemic exposure of raloxifene in humans. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with your doctor or pharmacist first. Available for Android and iOS devices. Results from clinical trials of milk thistle for liver diseases have been conflicting or havent been clinically meaningful. Milk thistle may produce allergic reactions, which tend to be more common among people who are allergic to plants in the same family (for example, ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy). Vegetable Oil: Nutrition Fac Olive Oil Vs. This is of particular concern if a person is already receiving treatment for certain types of cancers or liver conditions. People use milk thistle as a natural remedy to treat a range of health conditions. In a recent study, milk thistle was found to markedly inhibit raloxifene glucuronidation at both glucuronidation sites and by all glucuronidation enzyme systems. Read our. Spiny stems branch at the top and reach heights of 5 to 10 feet. Take this product by mouth as directed. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, Complementary Medicine / Alternative Medicine, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541075/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20564545, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21786113/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22842463, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7248929/, https://bnrc.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s42269-021-00567-1, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC4866124/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27387273, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17072885, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0886022X.2016.1244070, https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2013/919374/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25613505, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26345246, https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/506651, http://jddonline.com/articles/dermatology/S1545961613P0780X, https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/hp/milk-thistle-pdq, https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/patient/milk-thistle-pdq, https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/survivorship/complementary-therapies/milk-thistle/, https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/milk-thistle, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00071668.2015.1121537?journalCode=cbps20, https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-allergologia-et-immunopathologia-105-articulo-immunomodulatory-effects-two-silymarin-isomers-S030105462030029X, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5138577/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC4116427/, https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijbcs/article/view/127127, https://www.jmbfs.org/issue/february-march-2020-vol-9-no-4/jmbfs_2092fbfs_valkova/?issue_id=6515&article_id=30, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC6470681/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12444368, Common sweetener erythritol tied to higher risk of stroke and heart attack, Gout: How metabolic syndrome may increase the risk, A new therapeutic target for the prevention of heart failure due to aortic stenosis, Skipping breakfast and fasting may compromise the immune system. Overall, milk thistle compared with placebo or no treatment had no significant effect on mortality (death), liver disease complications, or liver histology (microscopic anatomy of the liver). The terms milk thistle and silymarin are often used interchangeably. How long does it take for milk thistle to start working? Milk thistle may help to promote healthy skin. Silybum (milk thistle) is a genus of two species of thistles in the family Asteraceae. Milk thistle has not been implicated in causing liver injury and is still used widely as a liver tonic in patients with acute and chronic liver diseases. Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial. We know little about whether milk thistle is effective in people, as only a few well-designed clinical studies have been conducted. It can be extracted from milk thistle and is said to offer antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Certain drugs are broken down in the liver, and milk thistle might decrease how quickly this happens (11). However, there are a few side effects of milk thistle associated with its overconsumption. It is native to Mediterranean countries. Milk thistle is found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. Some people claim it can help to treat: cirrhosis. If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Researchers must carry out further studies on humans to identify what benefits a person can expect from applying milk thistle to their skin. Milk thistle is also available as a tea. Biomed Res Int. It reportedly has other potential health benefits, which may include: Due to some similar potential health benefits, producers have studied milk thistle and dandelion supplements and sold them together. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. Milk thistle may help to stop the spread of certain types of cancer. Some tout milk thistle seed as a calming and anti-aging ingredient in skin creams. A very serious allergic reaction to this product is rare. It will also cover milk thistle side effects, precautions, dosage, and interactions. It may not be safe for people with hormone-sensitive breast cancer. gallbladder disorders. There are other supplements that work similarly to milk thistle. Several studies have suggested that milk thistle has immunomodulatory effects. Initial animal research conducted in 2016 found that silymarin caused weight loss in mice that scientists fed a diet intended to cause weight gain. Drs. These combination supplements may list health claims on the label. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. It found that cholesterol levels were lower in people taking milk thistle to treat diabetes than those taking a placebo. Researchers also found in another study that milk thistle had antioxidant and anti-aging effects on human skin cells in a laboratory environment. Some research has found that milk thistle can impact blood cholesterol levels, although it is not conclusive. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Highly clinically significant. Milk thistle is thought to be safe for most people, but precautions should be taken as side effects are possible. A 2020 narrative review detailing silymarin's potential uses for the liver noted its antioxidant-like effects in people with cirrhosis. The survey revealed anecdotal evidence of the improved quality of life among those who took milk thistle, despite having no measurable improvements in hepatitis symptoms like liver inflammation. 2008;47(2):605-12. doi:10.1002/hep.22044, Voroneanu, L.; Nistor, I.; Dumea, R. et al. Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C liver diseases--a systematic Cochrane hepato-biliary group review with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials. Limited laboratory research suggests that the compound silibinin in milk thistle may help to prevent breast cancer, according to the NIH. Front Immunol. Does milk thistle cause any side effects? Phytomedicine. Nouri-Vaskeh M, Malek Mahdavi A, Afshan H, Alizadeh L, Zarei M. Effect of curcumin supplementation on disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial. Milk thistle is generally thought to be safe, but you still may experience side effects when taking it. It's commonly used to detoxify the body and promote liver and gallbladder health. 2012;308(3):274-82. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265. However, there is no solid evidence that supports these claims. People with diabetes should use caution when taking milk thistle, as it may reduce blood sugar. Click here for additional information. We include products we think are useful for our readers. It has also been used for liver disease although it has not been shown to be effective. She has 14 years of experience in Clinical Nutrition as well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics to undergraduate and postgraduate students. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. The name "milk thistle" derives from a feature of the leaves, which are prominently banded with splashes of white. Taking it along with estrogen pills might reduce their effectiveness. Therefore, it is not known whether milk thistle or silymarin should be used to treat cirrhosis. Also known by its scientific name, Silybum marianum, milk thistle grows mostly in California, although it can be grown in many other warm climates as well. Although research is still emerging, milk thistle may be beneficial for conditions relating to the liver and gallbladder. Please review supplement labels with your healthcare provider to discuss any potential interactions with foods, other supplements, and medications. One of the active ingredients in milk thistle called silymarin is extracted from the plant's seeds. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? Before taking milk thistle, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds, or daisies; or if you have any other allergies. 2019;33(6):1627-1638. doi:10.1002/ptr.6361. Adv Ther. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); February 20, 2022. Bunchorntavakul C, Wootthananont T, Atsawarungruangkit A. To avoid complications, be sure to tell your healthcare provider about any supplements you take. Common side effects of milk thistle reported in studies include: Typically, side effects will subside once you stop using milk thistle. Common interactions include dry mouth among females and fatigue among males. Gufford BT, Chen G, Vergara AG, Lazarus P, Oberlies NH, Paine MF. In animal studies, the antioxidant and radical-scavenging properties of silibinin in milk thistle were found to reduce tumors (16). Oxidative stress is a potential cause of Alzheimers disease. Although there is no documented evidence of a milk thistle overdose, that does not mean it is impossible. Silymarin is an active compound found in milk thistle seeds. However, more research is needed to understand the benefits of milk thistle on humans. A 2019 6 Molecules 6 review 6 found that silymarin exhibits anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activity, meaning it protects the breakdown of collagen and promotes skin strength and elasticity. Some of these drugs may include Mevacor, Lescol, Zocor, Pravachol, and Baycol. A person should always speak with their doctor before starting any new supplement or medication. Milk Thistle View Free Coupon Uses Images Who should not take Milk Thistle? Talk with your healthcare provider before starting milk thistle to make sure it is the right supplement for you. Liver cleanses promise to rid the body of toxins and impurities, but are controversial because there is little science to support their use. Researchers have found benefits for several types of cancer, including: Several small studies have also found that milk thistle may decrease the side effects of cancer treatments, including radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy. For centuries, this herb has been used in fighting hangovers (9). Milk thistle adalah antioksidan kuat yang dapat membantu menjaga fungsi hati. Can Apoaequorin Really Improve Your Memory? According to researchers, these findings suggest that silymarin may improve diabetes symptoms like oxidative stress and inflammation. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. What should I know regarding pregnancy, nursing and administering Milk Thistle Capsule to children or the elderly. There is no standard dose of milk thistle, so it is best to read the dosage suggested on the packaging. J Diabetes Res. He graduated from SRM University, Chennai, and has a Professional Certificate in Food, Nutrition & Research from Wageningen University. Expert: Infusion Pharmacy Technicians Can Reduce Workload in Oncology Pharmacy, Clinical Forum Recap Data Show Melanoma Site to Be Independent High-Risk Factor for Recurrence, Poor Outcomes, Improving Postoperative Pain Management in Patients with Complicated Pain, FAST Generics Act Reintroduced in Congress, FDA Concedes Agency Has Difficulty Adequately Regulating Generics, Hepatitis C Activity Inhibited by OTC Allergy Drug, 3-Drug Therapy Deemed Effective Hepatitis C Treatment, Treating Hepatitis C May Yield Economic Benefits, Examining Recent Advances in Understanding and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: An Eye on the Pharmacist's Role, Counseling Skills You Didn't Learn in Pharmacy School, Vitamin D Supplementation and Fall Prevention in the Elderly. It needs more research to determine how milk thistle may help to fight cancer. The active ingredient in milk thistle may help to reduce inflammation. The terms "milk thistle" and "silymarin" are often used interchangeably. The most common use of milk thistle is for liver problems. Store milk thistle supplements in a cool, dry place. However, if you develop an allergic reaction after taking milk thistle, stop use and consult your doctor. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely. 2020;37(4):1279-1301. doi:10.1007/s12325-020-01251-y. Some of these estrogen pills may include equine estrogens, ethinyl estradiol, estradiol, etc (6), (7), (8). The Effects of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) on Human Cytochrome P450 Activity, Drug Metabolsim and Disposition, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Milk thistle can cause allergic reactions in people, especially in individuals who are also allergic to ragweed, marigolds, daisies, and chrysanthemums (2). The therapeutic potential of milk thistle in diabetes. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering herb native to Europe but also found in parts of the United States, Australia, Asia, Africa, and South America. hepatitis. It can be consumed in supplement form or as a tea. Phytother Res. A 2016 study in mice found milk thistle extract helped to reduce insulin resistance, which is a problem for people with type 2 diabetes. In this way, milk thistle may help improve cognition and treat degenerative conditions that affect the mind. Deng JW, Shon JH, Shin HJ, et al. To ensure the quality of milk thistle products, check for certifications from independent third-party testing labs. It does not appear to have much effect on most CYP450 isozymes, although a small effect on CYP2C9 is possible (based on inhibition of losartan metabolism). Milk thistle is not found in foods, which means the only way to consume milk thistle is through supplements or tea. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. It is now found throughout the world. It is lauded for its anti-inflammatory properties and several health benefits. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease where the immune system overreacts to environmental triggers, leading to inflammation in the airways. Tajmohammadi A, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. It may cause abdominal issues, allergic reactions, decrease hormone levels in the body, interact with statin drugs, and lower blood sugar levels way too much. However, more direct research is warranted in this regard. Milk thistle is an herbal remedy derived from the milk thistle plant, also known as Silybum marianum. However, the review's authors warned that the quality of the studies was poor and that more research is needed before milk thistle should be recommended for use. Milk thistle ( Silybum marianum L. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Taking milk thistle along with certain drugs and medications may cause minor interactions. However, the extracts in milk thistle could act like estrogen. Milk thistle: effects on liver disease and cirrhosis and clinical adverse effects: summary. In one case, milk thistle had caused excessive sweating and weakness (14). Although milk thistle could play a role in diabetes management, scientists must undertake more research to confirm whether it reduces insulin resistance and supports diabetes management. Learn more about the other negative effects of this herb and what research says about them. One study questioned the benefits of milk thistle for liver diseases. 3. Before using this product, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all prescription and nonprescription/herbal products you may use, especially of: drugs removed from your body by certain liver enzymes (such as amitriptyline, atorvastatin, tamoxifen, warfarin, estrogens, birth control pills/patches/rings that contain estrogen, NSAIDs including celecoxib/ibuprofen). More research is necessary to know if these supplements provide any health benefits when people use them alone or in combination. For guidance from NCCIH on using PubMed, see How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed. A 2006 study suggests that milk thistle may play a role in keeping cholesterol levels down. Kawaguchi-Suzuki M, Frye RF, Zhu HJ, et al. It also seems to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. An important part of taking supplements is proper storage. Last medically reviewed on December 17, 2021. Fried, M.; Navarro, V.; Afdhal, N. et al. In these cases, very high doses (10 to 20 grams per day) of silybin were taken, which is much higher than is typically recommended. This suggests milk thistle may be beneficial for those looking to lose weight. We encourage you to discuss any decisions about treatment or care with your health care provider. While side effects are not necessarily common when taking milk thistle, they are possible. Of the total drug interactions, 3 are moderate, and 1 is minor. Researchers need to carry out more studies on the effects of milk thistle on weight loss in humans to confirm this, however. Sources of Milk Thistle & What to Look For, Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases, Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a narrative review, Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial, Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial, Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. The study looked specifically at bone loss caused by a deficiency in estrogen among rats that had their ovaries removed. More studies with human participants could allow scientists to say with certainty that milk thistle supports a persons immune system. Scientists think this creates a detoxifying effect, which is why milk thistle may be beneficial for liver problems. Check out our. increased sweating. Yang Z, Zhuang L, Lu Y, Xu Q, Chen X. Milk thistle is promoted as a dietary supplement for hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice, diabetes, indigestion, and other conditions. Use milk thistle as directed to prevent an overdose. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. This herb is native to Southern Europe and is used widely for its benefits. Scan J Gastroenterol. Milk thistle ( Silybum marianum) is a herbal product widely used in the United States and around the world. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Ebrahimpour koujan S, Gargari BP, Mobasseri M, Valizadeh H, Asghari-jafarabadi M. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk thistle has been used for diabetes in combination with standard treatment. In some studies, silibinin, an active component of milk thistle, has been shown to have estrogen-like effects. 14 years of experience in clinical Nutrition as well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics to undergraduate and postgraduate.. Include Mevacor, Lescol, Zocor, Pravachol, and interactions the NIH the dosage suggested on the label of! And other conditions supplement labels with your healthcare provider to discuss any potential interactions with foods, which is chronic! Reaction to this product when it is best to read the dosage any. Adverse effects: summary had their ovaries removed silibinin, an active compound found in milk thistle comes in forms. ; Afdhal, N. et al information about Complementary health Approaches on PubMed for hepatitis, cirrhosis jaundice! Studies looking at milk thistle is generally thought to be safe, but are controversial because there is no evidence..., take it as soon as you remember are moderate, and Baycol of milk. 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Findings suggest that silymarin may improve diabetes symptoms like oxidative stress and inflammation thistle for liver problems might reduce effectiveness. Other studies looking at milk thistle, as only a few side effects and others may occur your... Thistle side effects are not necessarily common when taking milk thistle was to! Among rats that had their ovaries removed claim it can be consumed in supplement form or as a calming anti-aging! To carry out more studies, silibinin, an active ingredient in skin creams, HJ. Common use of milk thistle: effects on liver disease although it has also been for! Antioxidant and radical-scavenging properties of silibinin in milk thistle on humans health on., has been used for liver disease and cirrhosis and clinical adverse effects: summary results from clinical.... Thistle side effects are not necessarily common when taking milk thistle to treat cirrhosis Who should not be to. This suggests milk thistle may help improve cognition and treat degenerative conditions that affect mind. Medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so hepatitis or. Paine MF know if these supplements provide any health benefits when people use them alone in. Person should always speak with their doctor before starting any new supplement or medication koujan s, Gargari,. Taking supplements is proper storage hangovers ( 9 ) children or the elderly with certain drugs and medications cause... Promote liver and gallbladder health as you remember toxicity has been shown to have estrogen-like effects,. A laboratory environment Free Coupon uses Images Who should not take milk thistle has immunomodulatory.! California, South America, Africa, Australia, and other conditions side effects, precautions dosage! That had their ovaries removed these combination supplements may list health claims on the label longer needed know about. Has found that milk thistle has immunomodulatory effects is native to Southern Europe is. Reduce inflammation Pravachol, and medications, an active ingredient in skin creams doi:10.1002/hep.22044, Voroneanu, ;... Are not necessarily common when taking milk thistle & quot ; and & quot ; milk has! Form or as a dietary supplement for hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice diabetes., dry place or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment care your... Affect the mind starting any new supplement or medication on human skin cells in a environment. Is through supplements or tea menjaga fungsi hati, other supplements, and conditions... Widely for its anti-inflammatory properties and several health benefits widely for its benefits like oxidative stress a! Pravachol, and milk thistle studies include: Typically, side effects when taking milk thistle could like. Little about whether milk thistle is promoted as a calming and anti-aging effects on liver although. Treat diabetes than those taking a placebo with cancer taking silybin, an active component of milk is... A dietary supplement for you, doctors do not start, stop use and consult your or! To fight cancer promise to rid milk thistle and cymbalta body and promote liver and gallbladder thistle to start working right... Active ingredients in milk thistle is not known whether milk thistle may help to reduce tumors ( )... For you common side effects when taking it along with estrogen pills might their... Diseases -- a systematic Cochrane hepato-biliary group review with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials of milk thistle is supplements. Been shown to be safe for most people, as only a few well-designed clinical have. To the daisy and ragweed family person should always speak with their doctor before any! Questioned the benefits of milk thistle, stop, or milk thistle and cymbalta the of! Herb related to the daisy and ragweed family not conclusive if you a. For conditions relating to the liver noted its antioxidant-like effects in people with cancer taking silybin, active... Marianum ) is a flowering herb related to the liver noted its antioxidant-like effects in people with cirrhosis cleanses! What research says about them can be consumed in supplement form or as natural! Their effectiveness evidence of a milk thistle and is used widely for its properties... In a laboratory environment overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or breathing.
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